Page 29 - grammar_book-1 unit web edition

UNIT 1
TENSES

Tip The Present Perfect Simple tamamlanmış eylemi anlatırken, The Present Perfect Continuous
ise devam etmekte olan eyleme odaklanır.

Stephanie : Haven’t you finished painting your flat yet?
Chris : No. I’ve been painting since this morning, but I have only painted two rooms.

I have been working for CNN for fifteen years. (I still work here.)
I have worked for CNN for fifteen years. (I have this experience OR I still work here.)

The Present Perfect Continuous Tense’i miktar bildirmek için kullanamayız. I have been
Tip reading Crime and Punishment, but I have finished reading only 90 pages so far.
(NOT I have been reading only 80 pages.)

“Learn, run, sleep, talk, study, wait, work …” gibi fiiller sürerlilik gösterirler. Bu fiiller
Tip Present Perfect Continuous Tense ile kullanılması gerekirken, durum bildiren fiiller de

(state verbs) The Present Perfect ile kullanılmalıdır.

➠ Alice has always wanted to be a biologist.
➠ She have never understood the importance of health in life.
➠ I have known Peter since my childhood.
➠ I have had this wrist-watch since my fifteenth birthday.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense “always, sometimes, never” gibi sıklık bildiren zarflarla;
Tip several times, many times gibi olayın kaç kez yapıldığını gösteren zarflarla ve ayrıca “yet,
already, just, ever” gibi zarflarla kullanılmaz. Bu bahsettiğimiz zarflar eylemin ya da
durumun olup bittiğini gösterir.

➠ We haven’t found a sponsor for our campaign yet.
➠ The local authorities have warned the farmers three times.
➠ I have already travelled almost all the cities in Mexico.

EXERCISE 6 Fill in the blanks with “Present Perfect Tense” or “Present Perfect Continuous Tense”.

For the last fifteen years or so, cancer research 1) __________________ (go on) but researchers 2)
__________________ (make) little progress towards effective treatment. Many say they are hopeful because they
3) __________________ (discover) many facts about cancer. Dr. Marker of Center for Cancer Research, Luisiana,
says that they 4) __________________ (examine) patients who 5) __________________ (suffer) from cancer for
more than three years. He adds that they 6) __________________ (find) the basic destructive effects of cancer on
the immune system. It is good news but a lot is necessary because cancer 7) __________________ (be) among
the major causes of deaths all over the world for so long.

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